Measure net area
Use only the area receiving the material at the stated depth.
Separate zones with different depths instead of averaging large differences.
Convert depth correctly
Divide inches by 12 to convert depth to feet.
Multiplying square feet by feet produces cubic feet.
Convert cubic feet to yards
Divide cubic feet by 27.
Combining the two steps gives square feet × inches ÷ 324.
Add material-specific adjustments later
Compaction, settlement, waste, and coverage are not part of the geometric conversion itself.
Apply them only when appropriate for the selected material and project.
Round for procurement
Bulk suppliers may sell by cubic yard, ton, bag, or truckload.
Convert and round using current supplier information.